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References- Energy Recovery

1.  International Hydropower Association. A brief history of hydropower [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: https://www.hydropower.org/iha/discover-history-of-hydropower 

2.  Viollet P-L. From the water wheel to turbines and hydroelectricity. Technological evolution and revolutions. Comptes Rendus Mécanique. 2017 Aug;345(8):570–80.  

3.  Our World in Data. Electricity production by source [Internet]. Our World in Data. [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-prod-source-stacked 

4.  World Resources Institute. Global Power Plant Database - Data | World Resources Institute [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: https://datasets.wri.org/dataset/globalpowerplantdatabase 

5.  Institute of Civil Engineers. Hydroelectric power Scotland [Internet]. Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE). 2018 [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: https://www.ice.org.uk/what-is-civil-engineering/what-do-civil-engineers-do/hydroelectric-power-scotland 

6.  Sample JE, Duncan N, Ferguson M, Cooksley S. Scotland׳s hydropower: Current capacity, future potential and the possible impacts of climate change. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2015 Dec;52:111–22.  

7.  Scottish Water. 2019 Sustainability Report [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://sw-prod-93-north-eu-502220-cd.azurewebsites.net/-/media/ScottishWater/Document-Hub/Key-Publications/Energy-and-Sustainability/200120SustainabilityReport2019.pdf 

8.  Scottish Water. Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Map - Scottish Water [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.scottishwater.co.uk/about-us/energy-and-sustainability/renewable-energy-map 

9.  Scottish Water. Capital’s Unique ‘Hidden Jewel’ in Hydro-Electricity - Scottish Water [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.scottishwater.co.uk/about-us/news-and-views/200519-firrhill-hydroelectricity-site 

10.  Scottish Water. Pressure Management [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://sw-prod-93-north-eu-502220-cd.azurewebsites.net/-/media/ScottishWater/Document-Hub/Factsheets-and-Leaflets/Factsheets/240420SW_FactSheet_11_2020_update_v2_web.pdf 

11.  Cla-Val. CLA-VAL 90-01 : Pressure Reducing Valve [Internet]. Cla-Val. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.cla-val.co.uk/product/cla-val-90-01-pressure-reducing-valve/ 

12.  Sari MA, Badruzzaman M, Cherchi C, Swindle M, Ajami N, Jacangelo JG. Recent innovations and trends in in-conduit hydropower technologies and their applications in water distribution systems. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018 Dec;228:416–28.  

13.  Burke E. Easy Hydro: Making it simple to recover lost energy from water pipes [Internet]. Silicon Republic. 2021 [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.siliconrepublic.com/start-ups/easy-hydro-trinity-spin-out-water-turbines-renewable-energy 

14.  Armando Carravetta, Miguel Crespo Chacon, Oreste Fecarotta, Aonghus McNabola, Helena M. Ramos. Sustainable Water Engineering: Chapter 13 - Energy Harvesting in Water Supply Systems [Internet]. Elsevier; 2020 [cited 2021 May 12]. 229–254 p. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/C2017004301X 

15.  Renewables First. What is the difference between micro, mini and small hydro? [Internet]. Renewables First - The Hydro and Wind Company. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.renewablesfirst.co.uk/hydropower/hydropower-learning-centre/what-is-the-difference-between-micro-mini-and-small-hydro/ 

16.  SOAR Hydropower. SOAR Hydropower [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://soarhydro.com/ 

17.  Tecnoturbines. Hydraulic micro-tubines [Internet]. Tecnoturbines. [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://tecnoturbines.com/?lang=en 

18.  Gilkes. N-Series (Energy Recovery Turbine) [Internet]. FatStack. [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.gilkes.com/small-hydropower-solutions/gilkes-turbines/n-series-energy-recovery-turbine 

19.  Energy Recovery from PRVs Using In-Line Turbines - Halifax Water [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.gov.nl.ca/eccm/files/waterres-training-adww-2015-03-jefferyknapp.pdf 

20.  Jeff Knapp, Linda Reekie. In-Line Turbines Harness Energy For Water Utilities [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.wateronline.com/doc/in-line-turbines-harness-energy-for-water-utilities-0001 

21.  Soar Hydropower. M300 Pico Hydro - SOAR Hydropower [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: https://soarhydro.com/m300-turbines/ 

22.  Purdue ECT Team. LUCIDPIPETM POWER SYSTEM [Internet]. Purdue University; 2016 Dec [cited 2021 Mar 17]. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ectfs/224/ 

References- Export Potential

REference Export

1.  Scottish Water. 2019 Sustainability Report [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://sw-prod-93-north-eu-502220-cd.azurewebsites.net/-/media/ScottishWater/Document-Hub/Key-Publications/Energy-and-Sustainability/200120SustainabilityReport2019.pdf 

2.  Scottish Water. Leakage - Scottish Water [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 18]. Available from: https://www.scottishwater.co.uk/your-home/your-water/leakage 

3.  Altitude of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom - Elevation [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: http://www.altitude-maps.com/city/226_2,Aberdeen,Scotland,United+Kingdom 

4.  Altitude of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom - Elevation [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: http://www.altitude-maps.com/city/226_304,Dundee,Scotland,United+Kingdom 

5.  Altitude of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom - Elevation [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: http://www.altitude-maps.com/city/226_324,Edinburgh,Scotland,United+Kingdom 

6.  Altitude of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom - Elevation [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: http://www.altitude-maps.com/city/226_377,Glasgow,Scotland,United+Kingdom 

7.  Scottish Water. Historic Invercannie WTW Gets £52m Facelift - Scottish Water [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.scottishwater.co.uk/about-us/news-and-views/051020-invercannie-wtw-investment 

8.  DWQR. Technical Inspection of Clatto WTW. :1.  

9.  CEEQUAL. Glencorse Water Treatment Works – CEEQUAL [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.ceequal.com/case-studies/glencorse-water-treatment-works-2/ 

10.  WaterWorld. Scottish Water’s £30M water distribution project to improve services for more than 54,000 people [Internet]. WaterWorld. 2019 [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.waterworld.com/international/utilities/article/14009285/scottish-waters-30m-water-distribution-project-to-improve-services-for-more-than-54000-people 

11.  Google Maps. Invercannie - Google Maps [Internet]. Google Maps. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/Invercannie+WTW+-+Scottish+Water/@57.0908451,-2.5614316,11.42z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x48842593782e2a5d:0xf1774d9b43d17f50!8m2!3d57.0583578!4d-2.5531106 

12.  Google Maps. Clatto - Google Maps [Internet]. Google Maps. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.google.com/maps/@56.4984424,-3.0279724,478m/data=!3m1!1e3 

13.  Google Maps. Glencorse- Google Maps [Internet]. Glencorse Reservoir. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.google.com/maps/@55.8529708,-3.2315723,1298m/data=!3m1!1e3 

14.  Google Maps. Milngavie - Google Maps [Internet]. Google Maps. [cited 2021 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.google.com/maps/@55.9574207,-4.3141619,686m/data=!3m1!1e3 

15.  Scottish Water. Pressure Management [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://sw-prod-93-north-eu-502220-cd.azurewebsites.net/-/media/ScottishWater/Document-Hub/Factsheets-and-Leaflets/Factsheets/240420SW_FactSheet_11_2020_update_v2_web.pdf 

16.  Jenkins N, Ekanayake J. Renewable energy engineering. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press; 2017. 440 p.  

17.  Burke E. Easy Hydro: Making it simple to recover lost energy from water pipes [Internet]. Silicon Republic. 2021 [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.siliconrepublic.com/start-ups/easy-hydro-trinity-spin-out-water-turbines-renewable-energy 

18.  Gallagher J, Harris IM, Packwood AJ, McNabola A, Williams AP. A strategic assessment of micro-hydropower in the UK and Irish water industry: Identifying technical and economic constraints. Renewable Energy. 2015 Sep;81:808–15.  

19.  Ofgem. Changes to the FIT scheme [Internet]. Ofgem. 2016 [cited 2021 Apr 2]. Available from: https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/environmental-programmes/fit/about-fit-scheme/changes-fit-scheme 

20.  Corcoran L, Coughlan P, McNabola A. Energy recovery potential using micro hydropower in water supply networks in the UK and Ireland. Water Supply. 2013 Mar 1;13(2):552–60.  

21.  Carragher BJ, Stewart RA, Beal CD. Quantifying the influence of residential water appliance efficiency on average day diurnal demand patterns at an end use level: A precursor to optimised water service infrastructure planning. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2012 May;62:81–90.  

22.  Anderson B, Torriti J. Explaining shifts in UK electricity demand using time use data from 1974 to 2014. Energy Policy. 2018 Dec;123:544–57.  

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